5. Quadratic Equation

A quadratic equation is a polynomial equation of degree two, usually written in the standard form ax² + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are constants and a ≠ 0. In this chapter, students learn how to solve quadratic equations using methods such as factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula. These methods help determine the roots or solutions of the equation.

 

The chapter also explains the nature of roots using the discriminant, which tells whether the solutions are real and distinct, real and equal, or imaginary. Graphically, a quadratic equation represents a parabola, and its roots correspond to the points where the parabola intersects the x-axis. Understanding quadratic equations is important for solving many mathematical and real-life problems involving area, motion, and optimization.